When the battle officially ended on 16 May, the British had made significant advances but had been unable to achieve a breakthrough. Although these battles were generally successful in achieving limited aims, they came at considerable cost. The British armies then conducted smaller attacks to consolidate the new positions. The Third Army in the centre advanced astride the Scarpe River and in the south, the Fifth Army attacked the Hindenburg Line ( Siegfriedstellung) but made few gains. After a long preparatory bombardment, the Canadian Corps of the First Army in the north fought the Battle of Vimy Ridge, capturing the ridge. The British effort was an assault on a relatively broad front between Vimy in the north-west and Bullecourt to the south-east. At Arras the Canadians were to capture Vimy Ridge, dominating the Douai Plain to the east, advance towards Cambrai and divert German reserves from the French front. The aim of the French offensive was to break through the German defences in forty-eight hours. The British attack at Arras was part of the Anglo-French Nivelle Offensive, the main part of which was the Second Battle of the Aisne 50 mi (80 km) to the south. The Allied objective from early 1915 was to break through the German defences into the open ground beyond and engage the numerically inferior German Army ( Westheer) in a war of movement. The battle became a costly stalemate for both sides and by the end of the battle, the British Third Army and the First Army had suffered about 160,000 casualties and the German 6th Army about 125,000.įor much of the war, the opposing armies on the Western Front were at stalemate, with a continuous line of trenches from the Belgian coast to the Swiss border. The British advance slowed in the next few days and the German defence recovered. The British achieved the longest advance since trench warfare had begun, surpassing the record set by the French Sixth Army on 1 July 1916. From 9 April to, British troops attacked German defences near the French city of Arras on the Western Front. Original resource at: The British Library.ĭescription based on data extracted from World Digital Library, which may be extracted from partner institutions.The Battle of Arras (also known as the Second Battle of Arras) was a British offensive on the Western Front during the First World War. Title devised, in English, by Library staff. Ukraine-Volyns'ka Oblast-Volodymyr-Volynsky During World War I, lubok informed Russians about events on the frontlines, bolstered morale, and served as propaganda against enemy combatants. Initially, this artistic style was not taken seriously by the upper classes, but by the end of the 19th century, lubok was so well-regarded that it inspired professional artists. Prints could be reproduced inexpensively, and were thus a way for the masses to display art at home. The images were clear and easy to understand, and some of the pictures were serialized, predecessors of the modern comic strip. These expressive prints had a wide range in tone, from humorous to instructive to sharp political and social commentary. The prints, which often depicted narratives from a historical event, literature, or a religious tale, were used to make such stories accessible to illiterate people. Lubok gained popularity in Russia beginning in the late 17th century. The prints were often characterized by simple, colorful graphics depicting a narrative, and could also include text. Within three minutes the cavalrymen dashing into attack turned into a pile of bodies, and individual riders rushed back to their own lines in frantic terror." Lubok is a Russian word for popular prints created from woodcuts, engravings, etchings, or later, by using lithography. ![]() The screams of dying people, horses neighing, and the moaning of dying men were heard. Horses fell at full speed and falling riders were seen tumbling several times to the ground. But loud sounds and strange crackling were heard: machine guns from our trenches started firing, and something terrible and unforgettable happened. It seemed that after a few minutes they would enter the city. Hungarian cavalry, arrayed in a wide semi-circle in front of the city, bravely raced forward. ![]() The caption explains: "Enemy artillery, firing over its own cavalry, shelled the trenches in front of the city occupied by our troops. This print showing a battle near Volodymyr-Volynsky (present-day Ukraine) is from the collection of World War I lubok posters held at the British Library.
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